Galerkin finite element analysis of magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection of Cu-water nanoliquid in a baffled U-shaped enclosure
A. Zaim a, A. Aissa b, F. Mebarek-Oudina c,d,*, B. Mahanthesh e, G. Lorenzini f, M. Sahnoun b, M. El Ganoui g
a. BLSTE Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
b. Laboratoire de Physique Quantique de la Matière et Modélisation Mathématique (LPQ3M), Université Mustapha Stambouli de Mascara, Mascara, Algeria
c. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of 20 août 1955-Skikda, Skikda, 2100, Algeria
d. Laboratoire des Matériaux et Génie Energétique (LMGE), University of 20 août 1955-Skikda, Skikda, 2100, Algeria
e. Department of Mathematics, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, 560029, India
f. Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 181/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
g. Laboratoire énergétique de Longwy (FJV/LERMAB), Université de Lorraine, France
Abstract: In this paper, single-phase homogeneous nanofluid model is proposed to investigate the natural convection of magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Newtonian Cu-H2O nanoliquid in a baffled U-shaped enclosure. The Brinkman model and Wasp model are considered to measure the effective dynamic viscosity and effective thermal conductivity of the nanoliquid correspondingly. Nanoliquid’s effective properties such as specific heat, density and thermal expansion coefficient are modeled using mixture theory. The complicated PDS (partial differential system) is treated for numeric solutions via the Galerkin finite element method. The pertinent parameters Hartmann number (1£Ha£60), Rayleigh number (103£Ra£106) and nanoparticles volume fraction (0%£f£4%) are taken for the parametric analysis, and it is conducted via streamlines and isotherms. Excellent agreement between numerical results and open literature. It is ascertained that heat transfer rate enhances with Rayleigh number Ra and volume fraction f, however it is diminished for larger Hartmann number Ha.
Keywords: Natural convection; Nanoliquid; Rayleigh number; Baffled U-shaped; Nusselt number; Galerkin finite element method
